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EFFECTS OF PROLONGED EXERCISE ON OXIDATIVE STRESS AND ANTIOXIDANT
DEFENSE IN ENDURANCE HORSE
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Susanna
Kinnunen1,2 ,
Mustafa Atalay1, Seppo Hyyppä3, Arja Lehmuskero2, Osmo Hänninen1 and
Niku Oksala1,4,5 |
1Department of Physiology, University of Kuopio, Kuopio, Finland
2Equine Information Centre, Neulaniementie 5, Kuopio, Finland
3MTT Agrifood Research Finland, Animal Production Research, Ypäjä, Finland
4Department of Surgery, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
5Department of Surgery, Division of Vascular Surgery, Tampere University
Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| Received |
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27 June 2005 |
| Accepted |
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25
August 2005 |
| Published |
|
01
December 2005 |
©
Journal of Sports Science and Medicine (2005) 4, 415
- 421
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| ABSTRACT |
| Increased
oxidative stress during prolonged endurance exercise may end up with
muscle damage, fatigue and decreased physical performance. We have
recently shown that acute exercise at moderate intensity induced lipid
peroxidation, protein oxidation and oxygen radical absorbance capacity
(ORAC) in trained trotters. The aim of this study was to measure the
changes in oxidative stress and antioxidant defense following an 80-km
ride in the blood of endurance horses. Blood samples were collected
before and immediately after the ride. Unlike to our previous studies
performed on trotters, in endurance horses there were no measurable
changes in antioxidants or oxidative stress marker lipid hydroperoxides
(LPO) after prolonged exercise. ORAC, vitamin E and lipid hydroperoxide
(LPO) concentration or glutathione related enzyme activities were
not altered due to the 80-km ride. However, the base line levels of
oxidative stress marker were higher in endurance horses compared to
trotters. A positive correlation between the pre-ride LPO concentration
and erythrocyte glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity after the ride
was observed, which may indicate a protective response of glutathione
peroxidase against exercise-induced oxidative stress. Our results
suggest that endurance horses have higher oxidative stress levels
compared to trotters and a single 80-km ride probably did not suffice
to induce oxidative stress and to activate antioxidant defense mechanisms.
KEY
WORDS: Horse, endurance, oxidative stress, antioxidants, ORAC.
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