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JOURNAL
OF
SPORTS SCIENCE &
MEDICINE
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Research
article
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INITIAL METABOLIC STATE AND EXERCISE-INDUCED ENDOTOXAEMIA ARE UNRELATED TO GASTROINTESTINAL SYMPTOMS DURING EXERCISE |
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José Moncada-Jiménez1  ,
Eric Plaisance2, Michael L. Mestek2, Felipe Araya-Ramírez2,
Lance Ratcliff3, James K. Taylor4, Peter W. Grandjean2
and Luis F. AragónVargas1,5 |
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1School of Physical Education and Sports, Universidad de Costa Rica, Costa Rica, 2Department of Kinesiology and 3Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Auburn University, AL, USA, 4Division of Clinical Laboratory Science, Auburn University-Montgomery, Montgomery, AL, USA 5The Gatorade Sports Science Institute, Barrington, IL, USA |
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© Journal of Sports Science and Medicine (2009) 8, 252 - 258 Search Google Scholar for Citing Articles |
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| ABSTRACT | |||
| The aim of the study was to investigate the association between
the initial metabolic state and exercise-induced endotoxaemia on the appearance
of gastrointestinal symptoms (GIS) during exercise. Eleven males (36.6 ±
4.9 yrs, 1.7 ± 0.1 m, 74.5 ± 7.7 kg, DEXA body fat % 17.2 ± 6.6, VO2max
57.4 ± 7.4 ml·kg-1·min-1) underwent two isoenergetic diets designed
to change their initial metabolic status by either depleting or maintaining
their hepatic and muscular glycogen content. These diets and accompanying
exercise sessions were performed by each participant in the days before
completing a laboratory-based duathlon (5-km run, 30-km cycling, 10-km run).
Blood samples were obtained before, immediately and 1- and 2-h following
the duathlon for determination of insulin (IN), glucagon (GL), endotoxin,
aspartic aminotransferase (AST), and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) markers.
GIS were assessed by survey before and after exercise. Diet content produced
a different energy status as determined by macronutrient content and the
IN/GL ratio (p < 0.05), and mild exercise-induced endotoxaemia was observed
in both experimental duathlons. Regardless of the diet, the AST/ALT ratio
following exercise and in the recovery phase indicated hepatocyte and liver
parenchyma structural damage. In spite of GIS, no significant correlations
between endotoxin levels and GIS were found. In conclusion, increased markers
of endotoxaemia observed with the high-intensity exercise were unrelated
to hepatic function and/or GIS before and after exercise.
Key words: Liver structure, endurance, lipopolysaccharide, endotoxaemia, exercise. |
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