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JOURNAL
OF
SPORTS SCIENCE &
MEDICINE
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Research
article
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MECHANISMS OF THE ANTERIOR CRUCIATE LIGAMENT INJURY IN SPORTS ACTIVITIES: A TWENTY-YEAR CLINICAL RESEARCH OF 1,700 ATHLETES |
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Hirokazu Kobayashi1, Tomonao Kanamura2, Sentaro Koshida3  ,
Koji Miyashita4, Tsuruo Okado2, Takuya Shimizu5
and Kiyoshi Yokoe2 |
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1Faculty of Health Science, Nihon Fukushi University, Handa, Aichi, Japan, 2Institute of Sports Medicine and Science, Agui, Aichi, Japan, 3Faculty of Health Sciences, Ryotokuji University, Urayasu, Chiba, Japan, 4College of Life and Health Sciences, Chubu University, Kasugai, Aichi, Japan, 5Graduate School of Health and Sport Science, Chukyo University, Toyota, Aichi, Japan |
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© Journal of Sports Science and Medicine (2010) 9, 669 - 675 |
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| ABSTRACT | |||
| The mechanisms of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries are
still inconclusive from an epidemiological standpoint. An epidemiological
approach in a large sample group over an appropriate period of years will
be necessary to enhance the current knowledge of the ACL injury mechanism.
The objective of the study was to investigate the ACL injury occurrence
in a large sample over twenty years and demonstrate the relationships between
the ACL injury occurrence and the dynamic knee alignment at the time of
the injury. We investigated the activity, the injury mechanism, and the
dynamic knee alignment at the time of the injury in 1,718 patients diagnosed
as having the ACL injuries. Regarding the activity at the time of the injury,
"competition" was the most common, accounting for about half of
all the injuries. The current result also showed that the noncontact injury
was the most common, which was observed especially in many female athletes.
Finally, the dynamic alignment of "Knee-in & Toe- out" (i.e.
dynamic knee valgus) was the most common, accounting for about half. These
results enhance our understanding of the ACL injury mechanism and may be
used to guide future injury prevention strategies.
Key words: Anterior cruciate ligament, injury mechanism, dynamic alignment, prevention. |
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